{"id":188,"date":"2009-12-01T12:43:46","date_gmt":"2009-12-01T12:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/?p=188"},"modified":"2009-12-01T15:58:21","modified_gmt":"2009-12-01T15:58:21","slug":"image-sensors-in-brazil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/?p=188","title":{"rendered":"Image Sensors in Brazil"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">During the last two weeks I was not able to spend enough time preparing a new technical blog about the continuing story of the PTC. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span>The reason is very simple : a trip to Brazil kept me busy.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">I was invited by prof. Jose Gabriel Rodriguez Carneiro Gomes (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ) and prof. Davies William de Lima Monteiro (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG) to give a talk in order to promote solid-state imaging technology in Brazil.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>The workshops were organized in close cooperation with the local IEEE Chapter on Circuits &amp; Systems.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">At this moment the overall semiconductor activities in Brazil are continuously growing, but there is still very limited work going on in the field of imagers.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>A few start-up companies are doing quite nice work, but they do not (yet) reach the level of the companies present in North America, Europe or the Far East.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>So it was a great initiative of prof. Gomes and prof. de Lima Monteiro to promote image sensors in front of an audience composed out of undergraduate students, graduate students, professors and people from industry.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>If the R&amp;D work on image sensors gets more attention, it will be easier to get funding from the government for future projects.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>And this holds for academic work as well as for industrial activities.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">My talk was split into two parts (each part lasted for 2 hours) : <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst\" style=\"text-indent: -0.25in; margin: 0in -0.7pt 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&#8211;<\/span><span style=\"font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u201cCMOS Image Sensors : Past, Present and Future\u201d.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>The content of this session was based a short historical background, a brief overview of the state-of-the-art and focused mainly on future challenges of CMOS imaging.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>If pixels get smaller and\/or if more pixels are put on a sensor, the overall speed of the sensor will go down (in frames\/s), the dynamic range will lower, the light sensitivity will decrease, and ultimately the signal-to-noise will deteriorate.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>The talk gave an overview of the few techniques that can be used to increase the speed, to create a wide dynamic range, to increase the light sensitivity (by means of back-side illumination) and to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio (by means of pixel binning),<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpLast\" style=\"text-indent: -0.25in; margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&#8211;<\/span><span style=\"font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u201cColour Processing\u201d.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>In a talk of 2 hours it is pretty difficult to give a detailed overview of the complete signal processing present in a digital camera.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>For that reason the content of the presentation was limited to the following subjects : short overview of colour imaging, auto-white balance, colour matrixing and demosaicing.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Other speakers in the workshop were Simon Schneiter (talked about 3D Imaging) and Carlos Mendoza (talked about Smart Vision Systems).<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>Each workshop was attended by about 100 participants.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>Based on the reaction after the workshops, the talks were very well received by the audience.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>Hopefully the participants were convinced that imaging in general is a great field to work in.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>If so, then more students might be attracted by the subject of solid-state imaging, and it can be a great stimulation to submit more projects.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>In the end more projects will be granted, and that was the original goal of the bringing all these people together.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">My first visit to Brazil was possible thanks to this great initiative taken by prof. Gomes and prof. de Lima Monteiro.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>Thanks to them for inviting me this opportunity to promote digital imaging and congratulation for the perfect organization of the workshops !<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in -0.7pt 10pt 0in;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;\" lang=\"NL\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Albert 01-12-2009.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 During the last two weeks I was not able to spend enough time preparing a new technical blog about the continuing story of the PTC. \u00a0The reason is very simple : a trip to Brazil kept me busy. I was invited by prof. Jose Gabriel Rodriguez Carneiro Gomes (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=188"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":193,"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188\/revisions\/193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harvestimaging.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}